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Compost Pile: turn it and the pile gets smaller due to naturally occurring bacteria breaking it down. Don’t turn it and the pile reduces very slowly because of anaerobic conditions.

This is aerobic compared to anaerobic. This is how bottom aeration decreases sludge. The aerobic micro species metabolize the organic part of the sludge. On average, about 70% of the volume of the sludge is removed by the aerobic micro species.

My use of the words, micro species, refers to bacteria, fungi, one-celled, and other small plants and animals.

The Micro Species Environment

With bottom aeration, aerobic bacteria, yeast, and other micro species predominate. These micro species work 20-30 times faster than anaerobic micro species. They give off carbon dioxide and water, just as humans do, as end products of living.

Anaerobic micro species give off hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), ammonium ion (NH₄^-1), bicarbonate ion (HCO₃^-1), carbonate ion (CO₃^-2) and other partly oxidized chemical species. When one of the micro species gets ahead of the other, their products increase in concentration. These concentration changes can change pH, ionic strength, and alkalinity. These changes can inhibit other micro species. When this occurs, BOD and TSS can increase in concentration.

With aerobic micro species, the nitrate and other compounds are incorporated into new micro species. When the micro species reach a steady state, then the nitrate, phosphate, etc. appear in the solution or in the case of nitrogen, may be given off as nitrogen gas. When the predominant species are aerobic, swings in pH and dissolved oxygen do not occur, because algae and other species do not become main players. Aerobic micro species can metabolize all the substances in the influent. This simplifies management of the lagoon.

The chemical imbalances caused by competing aerobic and facultative micro species play an insignificant part, when oxygen is in all parts of the lagoon. Algae cannot thrive because too little carbon dioxide is in the top water of the lagoon.

The Clean-Flo bottom aerators will create aerobic conditions from top to bottom in the lagoons. With aerobic conditions throughout the water column, aerobic micro species will assist in sludge reduction and reduce incoming organics.

The Clean-Flo bottom aerators can create aerobic conditions everywhere in the lagoons. From 100 mg/l influent, the Clean-Flo system can create an effluent with better than 85% removal of BOD₅ and TSS. Because of the bacteria and aquatic insects that will be present in aerobic conditions, the BOD should be about 10-20 mg/l. The minimum sewage influent reported from 1988 to 2010 is 11 mg/l, maximum is 608 mg/l, and average is 85 mg/l.

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